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Medical News Doctors Prescribe More Antibiotics When Expectations Are High, Study Says Experimental evidence confirms what surveys have long suggested: Physicians are more likely to prescribe antibiotics when they believe there is a high expectation of it from their patients, even if they think the probability of bacterial infection is... – American Psychological Association (APA) Health Psychology Embargo expired on 16-Feb-2017 at 09:00 ET UT Southwestern Researchers Develop Potential Treatment for Fatal, Incurable Kidney Disease Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center, working with a California biotech firm, have developed a potential drug to treat polycystic kidney disease – an incurable genetic disease that often leads to end-stage kidney failure – UT Southwestern Medical Center Nature Communications, Feb-2017 Embargo expired on 16-Feb-2017 at 05:00 ET Measurements in Baby's First Year May Point to Autism Risk For the first time, researchers have identified before age one which high-risk infants are likely to develop autism. The multicenter study focused on infants who have older siblings with autism spectrum disorder. If replicated, the findings, based on... – Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Nature,online Feb. 15, 2017; HD055741, EB005149, HD003110, MH093510 Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 13:00 ET Study: Hormone Therapy May Not Protect Against Alzheimer’s Disease The latest study on hormone therapy and Alzheimer’s disease shows no relationship between taking the drugs and whether you may develop the disease years later. Some previous studies have shown that hormone therapy may increase the risk of the disea... – American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 16:00 ET More Extremely Preterm Babies Survive, Live Without Neurological Impairment Babies born at just 22 to 24 weeks of pregnancy continue to have sobering outlooks -- only about 1 in 3 survive. But according to a new study led by Duke Health and appearing Feb. 16 in the New England Journal of Medicine, those rates are showing... – Duke Health New England Journal of Medicine; N ENGL J MED 376;7; U10 HD27904, U10 HD21364, M01 RR80, U10 HD68284, U10 HD27853, M01 RR8084, U10 HD40492, M01 RR30, U10 HD27851, M01 RR39; U10 HD27856, M01 RR750, U10 HD68278, U10 HD36790, U10 HD27880, M01 RR70, UL1 TR93, U10 HD53119, M01 RR54, U10 HD34216, M01 RR32... Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 17:00 ET The Flu Gets Cold In an effort to one day eliminate the need for an annual flu shot, a group of researchers from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai are exploring the surface of influenza viruses, which are covered by a ... – Biophysical Society Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 11:30 ET Patient Complaints Can Identify Surgeons with Higher Rates of Bad Surgical Outcomes Recording and analyzing patient and family reports about rude and disrespectful behavior can identify surgeons with higher rates of surgical site infections and other avoidable adverse outcomes, according to a study led by Vanderbilt University Medic... – Vanderbilt University Medical Center JAMA Surgery Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 11:00 ET Predicting Autism: Researchers Find Autism Biomarkers in Infancy By using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the brains of infants who have older siblings with autism, scientists were able to correctly identify 80 percent of the babies who would be subsequently diagnosed with autism at 2 years of age. – University of Washington Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 13:00 ET Tip Sheet: Johns Hopkins Researchers Present Findings at Science Conference in Seattle The Annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections – Johns Hopkins Medicine Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 17:30 ET Queen’s Researchers Make Breakthrough in Fight Against Superbug Researchers at Queen’s University Belfast have discovered why a lethal superbug is so resistant to the last line antibiotic meaning potential treatments could now be developed to fight the killer infection. – Queen's University Belfast EMBO Molecular Medicine Feb - 2017 Smokers’ Memories Could Help Them Quit Rather than inciting fear, anti-smoking campaigns should tap into smokers’ memories and tug at their heartstrings, finds a new study by Michigan State University researchers. – Michigan State University Communication Research Reports Fragile X Syndrome, Steven Tyler's Janie's Fund Wins Big, Untreated Water Making Our Kids Sick, and More in the Children's Health News Source Click here for the latest research and features on Children's Health. – Newswise Getting Inside Teens’ Heads: Study Upsets Beliefs About Feelings and Exercise Probability A pilot study tracking adolescents’ internal psychological states and physical activity in near real-time challenges prevailing assumptions about how to increase physical activity. – University of Kansas, Life Span Institute Journal of Pediatric Psychology Habit Forming At a glance: New research shows great variation among clinicians’ opioid prescribing practices and links physician prescription patterns to patients’ risk for subsequent long-term opioid use. Being treated by an emergency room physician w... – Harvard Medical School High Rates of Satisfaction for Applicator-Free Local Estrogen Softgel Ovule in Post-Menopausal Women A new investigational delivery method for localized vaginal estrogen therapy that utilizes an applicator free softgel to alleviate moderate-to-severe vaginal pain during intercourse (dyspareunia), a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA), receiv... – University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Researchers Look for Life's Lower Limits Investigating the lower bound of energy required for life helps us understand ecological constraints on other planetary bodies in our solar system as well as our own. In a new study, researchers analyze cellular processes across species and sizes of ... – Santa Fe Institute Front. Microbiol., 31 January 2017 Scripps Florida Scientists Take Aim at Obesity-Linked Protein In a study recently published online in the journal Molecular Metabolism, Chakraborty and his colleagues have shown that deleting the gene for this protein, known as IP6K1, protects animal models from both obesity and diabetes. – Scripps Research Institute Molecular Metabolism; R01DK103746 Mental Shortcuts Clinical decision-making and treatment choice is a complex cognitive process influenced by multiple variables. – Harvard Medical School Scientific Reports Size Matters When It Comes to Keeping Blood Sugar Levels in Check Keeping blood sugar levels within a safe range is key to managing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In a new finding that could lead to fewer complications for diabetes patients, Yale School of Medicine researchers have found that changes in the size ... – Yale University Cell Metabolism Is Preeclampsia a Risk or a Protective Factor in Retinopathy of Prematurity? Mary Elizabeth Hartnett, MD, and colleagues at the John A. Moran Center and Department of Pediatrics at the University of Utah and Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, were looking for a way to tease apart the effects of preeclampsia on the risk of de... – University of Utah Health Sciences Scientific Reports; EY014800; EY015130; EY017011; TR00106 Study Points to Potential New Brain Cancer Treatment A recent Yale study may have found a new way to fight brain cancer. – Yale Cancer Center Science Translational Medicine Genome Analysis Helps Keep Deadly Brain Cancer at Bay for Five Years An analysis of a patient’s deadly brain tumor helped doctors at Smilow Cancer Hospital identify new emerging mutations and keep a 55-year old woman alive for more than five years, researchers report in the journal Genome Medicine. – Yale Cancer Center Genome Medicine Signals From Fat May Aid Diagnostics and Treatments Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center now have identified a route by which fat also can deliver a form of small RNAs called microRNAs that helps to regulate other organs. This mechanism may offer the potential to develop an entirely new therapeutic ap... – Joslin Diabetes Center International Team Establishes First Diagnostic Criteria for Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease More than six decades after Castleman disease (CD) was first described, a group of experts from Penn Medicine and other institutions around the world has established the first set of diagnostic criteria for a life-threatening subtype of the condition... – Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania More Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer May Be Able to Avoid Chemotherapy in the Future Women with early-stage breast cancer who had an intermediate risk recurrence score (RS) from a 21-gene expression assay had similar outcomes, regardless of whether they received chemotherapy, a new study from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cance... – University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Medicaid Expansion Possibly Reduced 'Medical Divorces,' Economists Find In the paper distributed this month by the National Bureau of Economic Research, University of Kansas researchers found states that did expand Medicaid under the 2010 Affordable Care Act experienced a 5.6 percent decrease in the prevalence of divorce... – University of Kansas NBER Working Paper After Joint Replacement Surgery, Smokers at Increased Risk of Reoperation for Infection For patients undergoing total hip or knee replacement, smoking is associated with an increased risk of infectious (septic) complications requiring repeat surgery, reports a study in the February 15 issue of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. The jo... – Wolters Kluwer Health: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Spinal Cord Injury Patients Face Many Serious Health Problems Besides Paralysis Spinal cord injury patients are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease; pneumonia; life-threatening blood clots; bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction; constipation and other gastrointestinal problems; pressure ulcers; and chronic pain. – Loyola University Health System Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Cancer Researchers to Convene for Multidisciplinary Thoracic Cancers Symposium in March The 2017 Multidisciplinary Thoracic Cancers Symposium, co-sponsored by the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), will feature advances in surgery,... – American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Multidisciplinary Thoracic Cancers Symposium Attacking the Flu by Hijacking Infected Cells They’re called TIPs and their task would be to infiltrate and outcompete influenza, HIV, Ebola and other viruses. Soon, Rutgers’ Laura Fabris will play a key role in a project aimed at designing TIPs – therapeutic interfering particles to defu... – Rutgers University Premier Conference for Critical Care Nurses Opens Registration The American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) invites nurses and other healthcare professionals who care for high-acuity and critically ill patients and their families to its 2017 National Teaching Institute & Critical Care Exposition (NTI)... – American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) 'Explosive Growth’ of Interventional Oncology Prompts Formation of New Society The board of directors for World Conference on Interventional Oncology, a nonprofit association that supports and promotes the field, has established a society to further its mission. – Yale Cancer Center Autism Center at Rush Seeking Participants for Social Skills Study Chicagoland families and providers with children on the autism spectrum are invited to enroll in a groundbreaking social skills study. The Autism Center at Rush University Medical Center is actively recruiting children ages 8-11 with Autism Spectrum... – PS Medical Marketing The Medical Minute: Treatment Options for Heart Failure Ask any doctor what can be done to maintain a healthy heart and the answer will most likely be eat healthy and exercise regularly. But what happens when someone's heart is not healthy and does not pump blood properly? – Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Preparation, Attention to Detail Translates to Excellence in Cardiac Care Jaromir Bobek of Harris Health System's Ben Taub Hospital prides himself on his cardiology team's preparation and attention to detail. The service line routinely receives national recognition for its expertise and quick treatment of some of the most ... Expert Available – Harris Health System Kennesaw State University Scientists Conducting Cutting-Edge Research Two Kennesaw State University scientists have received a total of $737,364 in National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health grants for developmental biology research into autism and birth defects. Expert Available – Kennesaw State University Virginia Mason Institute Announces New Executive Director /PRNewswire/ -- Kirsten Mecklenburg Turner has been named executive director at Virginia Mason Institute. The institute, a division of Virginia Mason Health System, provides education, coaching and facilitation to health care organizations worldwide ... – Virginia Mason Institute URI Nursing Professor Named to National Health Care Quality Committee The National Quality Forum recently named Betty Rambur, the College of Nursing’s Routhier Endowed Chair for Practice, to its Cost and Resource Use Committee. – University of Rhode Island Dr. Melissa Simon Appointed to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Dr. Melissa Simon, the George H. Gardner Professor of Clinical Gynecology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, has been appointed to a national task force that makes recommendations on clinical preventive services, including screen... – Northwestern University College of Health and Human Services Conference to Address Veterans Health and Reintegration The 2017 UNC Charlotte Veterans' Health Conference will emphasize biopsychosocial issues related to reintegration, including physical health challenges faced by this population and access to and use of services among veterans, service members and the... – University of North Carolina at Charlotte Science News Flashes of Light Offer Potential for Biomedical Diagnostics A group of researchers from the Czech Republic were intrigued that living organisms emit small amounts of light resulting during oxidative metabolism, when oxygen is used to create energy by breaking down carbohydrates. The researchers began to thin... – Biophysical Society Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 11:30 ET The Glow of Food Dye Can Be Used to Monitor Food Quality Allura Red, a synthetic food and pharmaceutical color widely used within the U.S., boasts special properties that may make it and other food dyes appropriate as sensors or edible probes to monitor foods and pharmaceuticals. A team of researchers -- f... – Biophysical Society Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 11:30 ET Old Rocks, Biased Data: Overcoming Challenges Studying the Geodynamo Bias introduced through analyzing the magnetism of old rocks may not be giving geophysicists an accurate idea of how Earth's magnetic dynamo has functioned. A team led by Michigan Technological University shows there is a way to improve the methodolo... – Michigan Technological University Science Advances, Feb-2017 Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 14:00 ET Birmingham Develops Blueprint for Future Indian Cities Researchers at the University of Birmingham worked with children, young people and their families living in a new urban development in India to understand the everyday experiences of urban transformation – with the results informing the future deve... – University of Birmingham Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 19:05 ET Researchers Use MRIs to Predict Which High-Risk Babies Will Develop Autism as Toddlers Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in infants with older siblings with autism, researchers from around the country were able to correctly predict 80 percent of those infants who would later meet criteria for autism at two years of age. – University of North Carolina Health Care System Nature Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 13:00 ET Popping Potential of Sorghum Eating popcorn has long been synonymous with watching movies. But soon you might find yourself reaching for another popped snack option—popped sorghum. – American Society of Agronomy (ASA), Crop Science Society of America (CSSA), Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) Crop Science, October 17, 2016 Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 11:00 ET DNA Patterns Can Unlock How Glucose Metabolism Drives Cancer, Study Finds Less aggressive cancers are known to have an intact genome—the complete set of genes in a cell—while the genome of more aggressive cancers tends to have a great deal of abnormalities. Now, a new multi-year study of DNA patterns in tumor cells sug... – University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences Molecular Systems Biology Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 12:00 ET Scientists Discover How the Cells in Skin and Organ Linings Maintain Constant Cell Numbers Research published today in Nature from scientists at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah shows how epithelial cells naturally turn over, maintaining constant numbers between cell division and cell death. – University of Utah Health Sciences Nature; 2OD002056; GM102169; CA042014 Embargo expired on 15-Feb-2017 at 13:00 ET Virginia Tech Expert Says Collapse of Oroville Dam in California Is Virtually Impossible Virginia Tech expert says the danger at Oroville Dam in California is confined to the spillway. While forecasters expect additional storms into next week, damage to the dam itself is highly unlikely. Expert Available – Virginia Tech Embargo expired on 16-Feb-2017 at 03:00 ET Breakthrough in ‘Wonder’ Materials Paves Way for Flexible Tech Gadgets are set to become flexible, highly efficient and much smaller, following a breakthrough in measuring two-dimensional ‘wonder’ materials by the University of Warwick. – University of Warwick Science Advances, Feb 2017 Being a Tattoo Artist Is a Pain in the Neck, Study Finds Getting a tattoo may hurt, but giving one is no picnic, either. That’s the finding of the first study ever to directly measure the physical stresses that lead to aches and pains in tattoo artists—workers who support a multibillion-dollar American... – Ohio State University Applied Ergonomics Extreme Waves, Melting Canadian Glaciers, Lionfish in the Gulf, and More in the Environmental Science News Source The latest research on the environment in the Environmental Science News Source – Newswise Using 'Scotch Tape' and Laser Beams, Researchers Craft New Material That Could Improve LED Screens “We’d someday like to see LEDs that are thinner, more energy efficient and bendable,” said researcher Hui Zhao. “Think about a computer or phone screen if you could fold it a few times or and put it in your pocket.” – University of Kansas 10.1039/c6nh00144k Study: Swishing with Mouth Rinse May Improve Athletic Performance Endurance athletes looking to improve their times might consider swishing with a mouth rinse that contains a little sugar during their next performance. – University of Georgia Researchers Pinpoint Watery Past on Mars Researchers from Trinity College Dublin have discovered a patch of land in an ancient valley on Mars that appears to have been flooded by water in the not-too-distant past. In doing so, they have pinpointed a prime target to begin searching for past ... – Trinity College Dublin Geophysical Research Letters 'The blob' of abnormal conditions boosted Western U.S. ozone levels Abnormal conditions in the northeast Pacific Ocean, nicknamed “the blob,” put ozone levels in June 2015 higher than normal over a large swath of the Western U.S. – University of Washington Geophysical Research Letters Intergalactic Unions More Devastating Than We Thought Scientists estimated the number of stars disrupted by solitary supermassive black holes in galactic centers formed due to mergers of galaxies containing supermassive black holes. – Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) (MIPT) The Astrophysical Journal New Method Uses Heat Flow to Levitate Variety of Objects Although scientists have been able to levitate specific types of material, a pair of UChicago undergraduate physics students helped take the science to a new level. Third-year Frankie Fung and fourth-year Mykhaylo Usatyuk led a team of UChicago re... – University of Chicago Applied Physics Letters UF/IFAS Helps ‘Keep the (Blood) Pressure Down’ New UF/IFAS Extension program aims to help people around Florida maintain healthy blood pressure. – University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences American Concrete Institute Releases 2017 Edition of Manual of Concrete Practice The American Concrete Institute (ACI) has released the printed and digital editions of one of its 2017 Manual of Concrete Practice. – American Concrete Institute (ACI) Planeterrella Recreates Earth’s Vivid Lightshows in Miniature University of Iowa students have built a device to recreate Earth’s auroras and other space phenomena in miniature. The planeterrella is the only one of its kind in Iowa and one of just a handful in the United States. – University of Iowa Lightning Sensor Launch Saturday Brings Decades of Work to Fruition In the mid 1990s, when NASA built two identical Lightning Imaging Sensors (just in case), Dr. Hugh Christian planned all along to send the flight spare into space. He just didn't expect it to take almost 20 years for that to happen. – University of Alabama Huntsville UN Addresses Issue of Ship-Whale Strikes Scientists and government officials met at the United Nations today to consider possible solutions to a global problem: how to protect whale species in their most important marine habitats that overlap with shipping lanes vital to the economies of ma... – Wildlife Conservation Society URI’s Coastal Resources Center Wins 2017 Peter Benchley Ocean Award Jennifer McCann, director of U.S. coastal programs for the Coastal Resources Center at the University of Rhode Island and extension director of Rhode Island Sea Grant, has received an international award for her work in coastal and ocean planning. – University of Rhode Island Francis Alexander Named Deputy Director of Brookhaven Lab's Computational Science Initiative Alexander brings extensive management and leadership experience in computational science research to the position. – Brookhaven National Laboratory Energy Work Brings Sandia Labs Two National Technology Transfer Awards A heat exchanger that makes power generation more efficient and a microgrid for the New Jersey Transit Corp. brought Sandia Labs national technology transfer awards. – Sandia National Laboratories