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Tuesday Morning Briefing: How many Chinas?

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Reuters
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The White House is trying to reassure China of America’s commitment to the "One China" policy that has been in place for 40 years. That policy was challenged last week when President-elect Donald Trump accepted a call from Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen. That call could undermine relations between the two nations, the White House said. The Wall Street Journal reported that the call had been, somewhat surprisingly, arranged by Bob Dole, the one-time Republican senator and presidential nominee. The call went beyond pleasantries and included a discussion about China and stability in the Asia-Pacific, the Journal reported.


China is not Trump’s only pre-inauguration flashpoint -- Iran's President Hassan Rouhani warned of unspecified repercussions if Trump scrapped the global nuclear deal, under which Tehran agreed to curb its nuclear program if Western powers lifted economic sanctions. Trump made such threats during the campaign calling the pact "the worst deal ever negotiated."


Digits of the day

34.19 million

That's how many barrels of oil OPEC produced daily in November. It’s also a new record ahead of a landmark deal forged last week to cut production. Output rose 1 percent from October, helped by higher Iraqi exports and extra barrels from two nations exempted from cutting supply, Nigeria and Libya. Russia reported its highest production in nearly 30 years. That means OPEC and Russia alone produced enough to cover almost half of global oil demand. London prices were slightly lower at about $55 a barrel.


Around the country

  • Los Angeles' Red Line commuter rail system was the target of a "specific" threat, federal and city officials said. Authorities from an unnamed foreign country warned the FBI of an attack today against a Red Line station across the street from the Universal Studios theme park, L.A. police chief Charlie Beck said. Beck and Los Angeles County Sheriff Jim McDonnell said law enforcement would be stepped up at the Universal City/Studio City station and elsewhere along the city's rail lines.
  • A South Carolina judge declared a mistrial after jurors said they were deadlocked in a murder case in which a North Charleston officer, Michael Slager, killed Walter Scott, a black motorist who fled a traffic stop last year. Slager fired eight shots at Scott's back as the man ran away.
  • California lawmakers are laying the groundwork to protect undocumented immigrants from efforts by the incoming Trump administration to deport them after he takes office next month. Both houses of the state's legislature are controlled by Democrats and Governor Jerry Brown is also a Democrat.

Quote of the day:

"Immigrants are a part of California’s history, our culture, and our society. We are telling the next Administration and Congress: If you want to get to them, you have to go through us." – California Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon


Around the world

An Afghan soldier keeps watch near his check post in Parun, Afghanistan Nov. 20, 2016. REUTERS/Hamid Shalizi

  • Afghan authorities are appealing to local elders in the remote eastern province of Nuristan to help prevent militants loyal to Islamic State from expanding into new territory. The mountainous and thickly forested province bordering Pakistan is seen by Afghan authorities as a potential new base for the group.
  • French President Francois Hollande named Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve to head his Socialist government until a new president is elected in May. The shake-up was prompted by the resignation as prime minister of Manuel Valls, who said yesterday he would run for president. Hollande said late last week that he would not seek a second term.
  • South Korean President Park Geun-hye said if she was impeached she would wait for a court to uphold the decision, a sign a political crisis could drag on for months. Park, engulfed in a corruption scandal, faces an impeachment vote on Friday. Even if the motion is passed, it must be upheld by the Constitutional Court, a process that could take at least months.

Around Wall Street

  • Apple Watch sales set a record, finally, during the first week of holiday shopping, and the current quarter is on track to be the best ever for the product, Apple Chief Executive Tim Cook said.
  • McDonald's plans to retain as much as a 25 percent stake in its restaurants in China and Hong Kong. The fast food chain was originally planning to sell the entire stake for up to $3 billion. The company is now looking to raise $1 billion to $2 billion. It's also keeping its restaurants in South Korea, which were also on the block.
  • Some oil executives believe the economic threat of electric cars is overstated. If they're wrong, it could come at a cost to an industry where new projects often cost billions of dollars to build and need decades of at least moderate crude prices to pay off.

Today's reason to live

Brian Eno – China My China

Global News-Malaysia Najib Leads Rally Against Rohingya Violence in Myanmar


RFA Tuesday 6th December, 2016
malaysia najib leads rally against rohingya violence in myanmar

Malaysia Prime Minister Najib Razak challenged Myanmar's State Counselor and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi and her government Sunday during a rally in Kuala Lumpur in support of ethnic Rohingya.


Najib led the rally attended by about 8,000 in defiance of a statement by U. Zaw Htay, the deputy director general of Myanmar president's office on Friday. Referring to Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) principles, Htay said a member country does not interfere in other member countries' internal affairs.
"We want to tell Aung San Suu Kyi, enough is enough!" Najib told attendees. "Two days ago, the Myanmar government in a statement said if I were to attend today's rally, it shows that I'm meddling with their internal affairs."
"They warned me! But I don't care, because I am standing here not as Najib Razak but I am here under the name of the Ummah (Muslim community) and as a Malaysian citizen as a whole," Najib told the crowd.
Ethnic cleansing
The rally occurred a day after Malaysia accused the Myanmar government of ethnic cleansing and former United Nations Secretary Gen. Kofi Annan visited a village in Myanmar's Rakhine State where thousands of Rohingyas have fled their homes.
On Thursday, Malaysia's national football team announced it had cancelled two under-22 friendlies against Myanmar in protest of the crackdown against Rohingyas, Agence France-Presse reported.
Myanmar's army has conducted security sweeps of the northern part of Rakhine State following deadly attacks on border guard posts in October, which they have blamed on Rohingya militants.
Soldiers have cracked down on civilians and have been accused of committing extrajudicial killings, rape, and arson in Rohingya communities. The military has denied committing any atrocities and has blamed the arson on the Rohingya.
Malaysia's foreign ministry on Saturday said that the number of Rohingyas who are suffering, pointing to the 56,000 refugees in Malaysia and thousands in neighboring countries, makes the issue no longer an internal matter.
"The fact that only one particular ethnicity is being driven out is by definition ethnic cleansing," it said in a statement.
Responding to Myanmar's comment on the ASEAN charter, Najib said it calls on members to protect human rights.
"They've only chosen to read one portion and ignore the rest. Are they blind?" Najib told the crowd that included opposition Pan-Malaysian Islamic (PAS) Party President Abdul Hadi Awang.
Najib also urged the U.N. and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation to take more serious roles in the Rohingya crisis, asking Indonesian President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo, among others, for support.
"Today I call upon every leader in this world to step up and join hands to find solutions and help the Rohingya escape their cruel fate," he said.
Leader criticized
Najib said Aung Sang Suu Kyi was reluctant to meet Malaysian representatives.
"I asked Foreign Minister Anifah Aman to meet his counterpart, Aung Sang Suu Kyi, but she replied, 'I'm not willing to meet you if you're going to talk about the Rohingya issue,'" he said.
"If that's the case then what is the point of saying ASEAN is a community, what is the point of a Nobel Peace Prize?" Najib told the rally where many carried signs with messages "Stop the killings' and "Help the Rohingyas."
Among those in attendance were Anifah, Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi and PAS Youth Chief Nik Abduh Nik Aziz, along with Rohingyas living in Malaysia who spoke out against Myanmar.
"We are powerless, and we don't know where to get help. I hope that the Malaysian government can help our remaining brothers back at Myanmar," said Ziyar Akmal, 23, who has been working in Malaysia for two years.
"I no longer have anything in this world. I don't have a place to call home. They decapitated one of my siblings and they burned our house," Ziyar told BenarNews, an RFA-affiliated online news service.
Meanwhile, Nizamullah, 20, told BenarNews that Myanmar leaders are cowards, and cruel. "I'm lucky to have left the country. Those left behind are living in hell."
"Back in Myanmar, we Rohingya don't have the right to do anything. They treated us very bad, in a way you can't imagine. I can only pray to God to help ease our brothers' suffering back home," he said.
Reported by A. Ariffin for BenarNews. an RFA-affiliated online news service

Morning Editorial Report: Obama's Last Stand

Morning Editorial Report

On the Editorial Page

Obama's Last Stand

Senate Confirmation Confidential

The Impossible Italian Job?

Let Liberals Be Liberals

The System Didn't Work

COMMENTARY

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Right-to-Work Zones in Deep-Blue Illinois?

My Unhappy Life as a Climate Heretic

COLUMNISTS

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Trump's Charm of Not Being Obama

Democrats Send Their Regrets

Reviews

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'Dear Evan Hansen' Review: An Ode to Outsiders

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Italian voters have rejected Matteo Renzi’s constitutional reforms


IT WAS, said a hoarse, red-eyed Matteo Renzi, an “extraordinarily clear” result. His plan to reform Italy’s constitution was not rejected on December 4th by a margin of five or even ten percentage points, as the polls had suggested: the gap between No and Yes was a mortifying 20 points in Italy proper.
Official figures showed the rejectionist front winning by 60% to 40% in metropolitan Italy (and by 59% to 41% counting ballots cast by Italians abroad). And that was with a high turnout, which Mr Renzi’s advisers had believed would favour his cause. The humiliation came at the end of a 66-day campaign into which Mr Renzi threw himself with frenetic energy. He had little choice but to resign in the face of such an unexpectedly decisive outcome.
Mr Renzi had argued that that the reform was essential to make Italy more governable, and so more amenable to structural reforms. Anti-EU populists spearheaded the No campaign, though they were joined by establishment figures such as Mario Monti, a former prime minister, worried about the accretion of executive power sought by Mr Renzi through the combination of the constitutional reform (which would have emasculated the powerful Senate) with a lop-sided electoral law (which engineers a guaranteed majority for the largest party, even one with a small plurality, in the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house).
Much of what was written before the referendum has been rendered irrelevant by the size of Mr Renzi’s defeat. The resulting political instability may be containable in the short term. The financial consequences, particularly the alarm over Italy’s weak banks, and the knock-on effect they may have on the stability of the euro zone, may be more difficult to control. On foreign exchange markets, the euro fell 1.5% to a 20-month low of $1.0503 before recovering slightly. Shares in Italian banks fell at the opening of trading on Monday, but most quickly recovered the lost ground.

Mr Renzi was due to call on Italy’s president, Sergio Mattarella, on December 5th formally to tender his resignation. He will stay on pending the formation of a new government. Mr Mattarella, whose job is to minimise political uncertainty, had hoped that, in the event of a defeat, the prime minister himself might have been persuaded to form a fresh government with a limited mandate: to reform Italy’s electoral law and hold new elections. As matters stands, there is one law for the lower house, the Chamber of Deputies, and another for the Senate.

But after recognising his defeat, Mr Renzi reportedly dismissed that idea in an after-midnight telephone conversation with the president. Instead, Mr Mattarella is expected to speak with representatives of Italy’s political parties to float the idea of a caretaker government. This might be headed either by a member of the outgoing cabinet, such as the finance minister, Pier Carlo Padoan, or the arts and heritage minister, Dario Franceschini, or some widely respected institutional figure. The name most often voiced is that of Piero Grasso, a former anti-mafia prosecutor and speaker of the Senate. But nowadays, terms such as “widely respected” and “institutional” have a different ring than they did before the Brexit vote and Donald Trump’s victory in America.

“Democracy has won,” declared Beppe Grillo, the comedian who leads Italy’s second-biggest party, the maverick Five Star Movement (M5S). He called for an immediate general election under the current rules, which are likely greatly to benefit his party. Matteo Salvini, the leader of the right-wing populist Northern League, did the same. They have a persuasive case. Polls showed that an overwhelming majority regarded the referendum as a chance to render a verdict on the Renzi government’s performance and, in particular, its economic record.

Much will depend on the reaction of the third of Italy’s opposition leaders, its disgraced former prime minister, Silvio Berlusconi. He will be uneasily aware that his Forza Italia party is much weaker than in 2013, when the last election was held.
Many observers had expected a No vote, if a narrower one, and markets have already priced in some of the risk. But the defeat worsens the problems of Italy’s banking system, and particularly of its shakiest bank, Monte dei Paschi di Siena (MPS), the country’s third-largest. The government has solicited institutional investors to recapitalise MPS, but many had made investment conditional on a Yes vote. Some will see the result as proof that Italy is incapable of reform, and may pull back.

Italy could soon face an agonising choice between three options. One would be to nationalise MPS. The second would be to rescue it under new European Union rules that would heap losses on to investors, among them retail investors who hold most of MPS’s subordinated debt. Or, faced with the prospect of having to impoverish these voters, the government might simply decide to break the rules, whatever the cost to the credibility of the single currency and its nascent banking union.

Today@VOA: Trump bump

today@VOA

Informing, engaging & connecting the people of the world.

December 5, 2016

Many in China initially viewed the election of Donald Trump as a win for Beijing, thanks to the president-elect's straight-forward nature and businessman-like approach. But one phone call and a few tweets later, that view is starting to change. VOA is in Beijing, where there is concern Trump's presidency could lead to serious diplomatic and economic blowback in the US-China relationship.

On This Day in American History
On December 5, 1981, U.S. President Ronald Reagan expands the powers of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), authorizing the spy agency to collect information on Americans both at home and abroad.

Changing times: VOA is in Paris where President Francois Hollande's decision not to run for a second term might not change the outcome of French elections, but it could reflect a broader upheaval in Western politics: a populist backlash that's upending politics in the United States and Europe, possibly extending to Italy, the Netherlands and Germany.

The so-called Trump bump did not help a far-right presidential candidate in Austria, where centrists and leftists are breathing easier now that anti-immigrant Euroskeptic Norbert Hofer has admitted defeat. Hofer's calls for the protection of Austrian culture and identity, and concerns about an eventual Islamization of Austria were, for many, reminiscent of Austria's Nazi past. VOA reports from Vienna where many viewed the race Hofer ran in as a test of the strength of populist movements in Europe.

There are more guns in America than ever before, but they are in the hands of fewer people, according to the National Shooting Sports Foundation. About 3 percent of the U.S. population owns half the nation's guns. These 7 million people own an average of 17 guns each. They are America's gun 'super-owners.'

One of the places that got slammed by Europe's refugee crisis is a small Greek fishing village that VOA visited on the north coast of Lesvos. Back in August of 2015, 12,500 refugees arrived daily by boat. A growing political gulf between the European Union (EU) and Turkey could lead to a new surge in arrivals but, in Skala Sikamineas, the compassion for arriving refugees remains undimmed.

VIDEO: A transgender activist in Pakistan hopes to find wider community acceptance by bringing everyone in the neighborhood together to worship at a mosque that is now under construction. In Islamabad, VOA sees how neighbors are reacting to the plan to nurture equality and acceptance through an Islamic house of worship.

An Iranian-American hopes he's come up with Silicon Valley's next big thing. Flipagram is a social media app that combines music by well-known singers with a user's personal pictures and video. Farhad Mohit, who's found success with other startups like BizRate.com and Shopzilla, attributes much of his drive and accomplishments to his immigrant background.

If you have questions about this newsletter send an email to: voanews@voanews.com .

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