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Western media ignored the deaths of children in Aleppo


Pounding the militants one of the city districts of Aleppo
MOSCOW, Oct. 13 -. RIA Novosti At the next Syrian shelling districts of Aleppo controlled by government forces, killing seven students, another 10 were seriously injured. Western media prefer not to notice the tragedy: it is poorly fit into the picture of the world that the main villain in Syria - is its president, Bashar Assad.

The shelling occurred when the children were going to school

Doctors are fighting for the life of the child came under attack terrorists in Aleppo quarter Sleiman.  Archival photo
In Syria, killing at least nine children during the last two days
On Thursday morning, around 8:00 local time, when students just went to school, Islamic militants fired mortars Christian quarter Sleiman. Several shells fell near the entrance to the school and in the immediate vicinity. Seven students were killed on the spot, another ten were injured varying degrees of severity, they are hospitalized, RIA Novosti reported the hospital receiving Ar-Razi.
Militants of terrorist groups, which are blocked in the eastern district of Aleppo, subjected to almost daily mortar and rocket fire on the western part of the city and the front-line blocks. The intensity of the attacks increased in the days when the army carries out offensive operations.
City of Aleppo.  Archival photo
From Aleppo, an urgent need to evacuate about 600 people, according to the UN
Among the victims were several relatives - brothers and sisters, as usual, walked together to school. For example, one of the schoolgirls died on the spot, and her brother in serious condition was taken to hospital. At this point, doctors continue to fight for his life.
"Mina exploded close child received shrapnel wounds, brain damaged severely, there is little in his head broken, punctured lung and a fractured pelvis chances, but the heart is beating, and we will fight..", - Said the doctor Gian Fattuh.
Total in Aleppo since early September, according to Syrian doctors, victims of attacks by militants living quarters became more than 130 children. According to the register of patients of two major hospitals of the city, Central and Al-Rai, all children have died as a result of shrapnel or gunshot wounds.
Syrian troops in Aleppo after the liberation of the military schools.  Archival photo
In Aleppo from terrorist attacks since September, killing more than 130 children
Militants fired at the west of Aleppo, including the use of "Hellfire", resulting in dozens of dead and hundreds of wounded every day, he told reporters the head of the Main Operations Directorate of the Russian General Staff Sergei Rudskoy.
"All parties to the conflict commit crimes against children in Syria, the brutal violations, including killings, injuries, attacks on schools and hospitals, the lack of access of humanitarian aid This must stop." - Said the TV channel RT UNICEF Representative for the Middle East and North Africa Juliet Tuma.

Western media tragedy in Aleppo have not noticed

One is struck by the fact that, despite the scale of the tragedy, she received almost no reflection in the Western media - although journalists have access to hospitals with the wounded child and to place most of the tragedy, as opposed to cases where civilians are killed where -That outside the reach of the press, for example, in the rear of the radical militants.
"Today I was reading and watching the news, there is a speech about it was not" - suggests the Russian expert, is now working in the United States, the president of "New York consulting bureau" Nikolai Pakhomov.
Captured militants eastern neighborhoods of Aleppo.  Archival photo
In eastern Aleppo rebels erected fortifications, under the guise of residents
"The fact that the American media convey to the population of those points of view on the internal and external subjects that benefit the American elite of Syria it is very clear the direction of Bashar al-Assad -.. The main culprit of the situation in Syria and the offender, and Russia actively contributes to its atrocities . Today's news in these points do not fit, so it does not broadcast ", - the expert explains.
However, we can not say that the alternative point of view of the Western media does not sound.
"Information that is not so simple, and opponents of Assad also committed numerous crimes - is also represented in the human rights reports, and the expert, and the media, but if we look at the information picture as a whole, it is such. I said, "- described the expert in an interview with RIA Novosti.

The UN is looking for ways out of the crisis in Aleppo

From Aleppo need to evacuate about 600 people, among them 400 children, but the complete list of the UN yet, said Thursday at a press briefing Deputy UN special envoy on Syria Ezeldin Ramzy Ramzy.
Ramzi thus emphasized that the medical evacuation of Aleppo can not be implemented until such time as the city is restored the cessation of hostilities.
Children from families of refugees in Aleppo, near the combat zone.  Archival photo
In Aleppo, rebels fired mortar school, the child died
The situation in the city remains difficult, but there are options to improve it, the United Nations continues to work on them, assured Ezeldin Ramsay.
Among such measures in the past few days discussing the idea of ​​a special envoy of the UN for Syria Staffan de Mistura, on 6 October suggested that the militants "Al-Nusra" leave Aleppo for safe corridors along with their weapons.De Mistura said he was willing himself to stay close to the militants to ensure their safety. According to De Mistura, militants in eastern Aleppo, there are about 900 people.
However, as Ramzi said, the UN has received from "Dzhebhat-en-Nusra" refusal to this offer.
"We made a call, and this proposal specifically to" Al-Nusra "And we've got their answer, which was negative, which is not surprising." - Said Ramsay.
However, the UN expects that the withdrawal of fighters from the city still held. "We believe that this proposal resonated in some places, and they work hard to make it realized, and we hope that this would happen" - said Ramsay.
The Russian military, in turn, assured that they are ready to provide a safe withdrawal of militants with arms and exit of civilians from the eastern part of Aleppo, he told reporters Rudskoy.

The Syrian authorities do not believe that the militants agree to leave

Militants organization Al-Nusra Front
The United Nations was denied "Al-Nusra" to the proposal for the withdrawal of fighters from Aleppo
However, the Syrian authorities have reacted to the idea of ​​De Mistura skeptical. "De Mistura is actually not serious in relation to this proposal, because it at least offered it, but did not protect him in the UN Security Council", - he told RIA Novosti Minister for National Reconciliation Ali Haidar Syria.
According to him, the militants' Dzhebhat en-Nusra "go out of Aleppo on their own.
"" Dzhebhat en-Nusra "- the main force militants in Aleppo, although some argue that it is not there and, of course, it does not come from Aleppo, knowing what they did promise losses leave the city fighters can make a combat as a result.. they will find themselves in a critical situation, "- the minister said.

Nobel-winning 'jester' Dario Fo dead at 90


(ANSA) - Rome, October 90 - Italian Nobel-prize-winning playwright Dario Fo has died at the age of 90, ANSA sources said on Thursday. Fo, who turned 90 in March, died in Milan's Sacco hospital. He was admitted to hospital a few days ago due to lung problems, sources said. Notable works of the 1997 winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature include Accidental Death of an Anarchist and Can't Pay? Won't Pay! He made fun of religion and Italy's political life and was a supporter of the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement.
    The blog of M5S leader Beppe Grillo mourned him. "Today Dario Fo passed away," read Grillo's blog. remember him with his address on the stage at (Milan's) Piazza Duomo on February 19, when he said with his powerful voice 'You do it!'. You will always be with us". The blog featured many videos from the M5S's Milan rally three years ago. Premier Matteo Renzi also paid tribute.
    "With Dario Fo (passing), Italy loses one of the great protagonists of the theatre, culture and civil life of our country," Renzi said. "His satire, his research, his work on the stage, his multifaceted artistic activity are the legacy that remains of one of the great Italians on the world scene. "I give my personal condolences and those of the Italian government to his family".
    The Senate held a minute's silence.
   Fo "carried on and continued to work up eight, nine, 10 hours a day until the day he was taken to hospital", his son Jacopo told journalists after his father's death. "You should put him in the medical books.
Art, passion and civic commitment count," he said. As for the end, Jacopo said "it happened this morning at 8, it was grand finale and he went". Jacopo was talking outside his Milan home in an interview with Rainews 24.
Fo was singing until a few days before his death Thursday in a Milan hospital, a doctor revealed
"His collaborators told me that a few days before (his condition worsened, Fo) had been singing for hours," said Delfino Luigi Legnani, head of the pneumonoloy department of Milan's Sacco Hospital. Fo's rich baritone voice, as well as being suited to the constant linguistic flights of fancy of his invented form of the gibberish language Grammelot, was also used to sing the songs that lightened his hard-hitting satire.

Climate Change Has Doubled Western US Forest Fires, Says Study


  • Credit: Mike Daniels
    In July and August, the Roaring Lion fire devoured more than 8,000 acres of forest, along with over 60 homes and outbuildings in eastern Montana's Bitterroot Range. Here, the fire burns through dense conifers, July 31, 2016.
Article ID: 662675
Released: 12-Oct-2016 1:05 PM EDT

Newswise — A new study says that human-induced climate change has doubled the area affected by forest fires in the U.S. West over the last 30 years. According to the study, since 1984 heightened temperatures and resulting aridity have caused fires to spread across an additional 16,000 square miles than they otherwise would have--an area larger than the states of Massachusetts and Connecticut combined. The authors warn that further warming will increase fire exponentially in coming decades. The study appears today in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"No matter how hard we try, the fires are going to keep getting bigger, and the reason is really clear," said study coauthor Park Williams, a bioclimatologist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. "Climate is really running the show in terms of what burns. We should be getting ready for bigger fire years than those familiar to previous generations."
Fires in western forests began increasing abruptly in the 1980s, as measured by area burned, the number of large fires, and length of the fire season. The increases have continued, and recently scientists and public officials have in part blamed human-influenced climate change. The new study is perhaps the first to quantify that assertion. "A lot of people are throwing around the words climate change and fire--specifically, last year fire chiefs and the governor of California started calling this the 'new normal,' " said lead author John Abatzoglou, a professor of geography at the University of Idaho. "We wanted to put some numbers on it."
Warmth drives fire by drying out the land. Warmer air can hold more moisture, and the air ends up sucking it out of plants, trees, dead vegetation on the ground, and soil. Average temperatures in forested parts of the U.S. West have gone up about 2.5 degrees F since 1970, and are expected to keep rising. The resulting drying effect is evident in the rise of more fires. Williams published a study last year showing how climate-driven removal of moisture from land worsened the recent California drought, which was accompanied by widespread fires.
The overall increase in fire since the 1980s is about twice what the researchers attribute to climate change; the rest is due to other factors, they say. One has been a long-term natural climate oscillation over the Pacific Ocean that has steered storms away from the western United States. Another: firefighting itself. By constantly putting out fires, authorities have allowed areas they "saved" to build up more dry fuel, which later ignites, causing ever more catastrophic blazes, the researchers say. The costs of fire fighting have risen sharply in step; last year the federal government alone spent more than $2.1 billion. "We're seeing the consequence of very successful fire suppression, except now it's not that successful anymore," said Abatzoglou.
The authors teased out the effects of climate warming from other factors by looking at eight different systems for rating forest aridity; these included the Palmer Drought Severity Index, the MacArthur Forest Fire Danger Index and the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System. They then compared such measurements with observations of actual fires and large-scale climate models that estimate manmade warming. The crunched data showed that 55 percent of the increase in fuel aridity expected to lead to fires could be attributed to human-influenced climate change. Climate's role in increasing such aridity has grown since 2000, the researchers say, and will continue to do so.
Williams and Abatzoglou say they do not account for some factors that could be offshoots of climate warming, and thus they may be understating the effect. These include millions of trees killed in recent years by beetles that prefer warmer weather, and declines in spring soil moisture brought on by earlier snowmelt. There is also evidence that lighting--the usual initial spark--may increase with warming.
The study does not cover western grasslands. These have seen more fires too, but there is little evidence that climate plays a role there, said Abatzoglou; rather, the spread of highly flammable invasive grasses appears to be the main driver.
Mike Flannigan, a fire researcher at the University of Alberta, said that previous studies have tried to understand the effects of climate on fires in parts of Canada, but that nothing had been done for the United States on this scale. "What's great about this paper is that it quantifies this effect, and it does it on a national scale," he said.
Worldwide, wildfires of all kinds have been increasing, often with a suspected climate connection. Many see a huge fire that leveled part of the northern city of Fort McMurray, Alberta, this May as the result of a warming trend that is drying out northern forests. Fires have even been spreading beyond, into the tundra, in places where blazes have not been seen for thousands of years. That said, fires are not expected to increase everywhere. "Increased fire in a lot of places agrees with the projections," said Jeremy Littell, a research ecologist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Anchorage, Alaska. "But in many woodlands, the relationship between climate and fire is not as tidy."
So far, this year has seen huge, though not record, fires. Over the summer, some 3 million acres burned across the United States, mostly in the West, from Washington state across to the Dakotas and down into Texas. Some scientists say the worst could be yet to come; in some places, the most dangerous conditions often occur from September to December, when desert winds interact with fuels that have been drying for five or six months.
The effects go beyond loss of trees and other vegetation. A 2012 study estimates that smoke from fires worldwide causes long-term health effects that kill some 340,000 people each year, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia. Carbon released to the air adds to the burden of greenhouse gases already there, thus producing even more warming. Soot settling on snow and ice causes them to absorb more heat and melt faster.
Many scientists studying the issue believe the growth in U.S. western fires will continue for many years. Williams and others say that eventually, so many western forests will burn, they will become too fragmented for fires to spread easily, and the growth in fire will cease. But, he says, "there's no hint we're even getting close to that yet. I'd expect increases to proceed exponentially for at least the next few decades." In the meantime, he said, "It means getting out of fire's way. I'd definitely be worried about living in a forested area with only one road in and one road out."
###
The study was funded by NASA, the U.S. National Science Foundation and Columbia University's Center for Climate and Life.
RELATED: What Do Wildfires Have to Do With Climate Change?
ALSO: Are We Entering an Age of Mega-Fires?
The paper, "The impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests," is available from the authors or from the PNAS news office: PNASnews@nas.edu 202-334-1310.
Scientist contacts:
Park Williams williams@ldeo.columbia.edu 845-365-8183
John Abatzoglou jabatzoglou@uidaho.edu 208-885-6239
More information: Kevin Krajick, Senior editor, science news, The Earth Institute/Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatorykkrajick@ei.columbia.edu 212-854-9729
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory is Columbia University's home for Earth science research. Its scientists develop fundamental knowledge about the origin, evolution and future of the natural world, from the planet's deepest interior to the outer reaches of its atmosphere, on every continent and in every ocean, providing a rational basis for the difficult choices facing humanity. http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu | @LamontEarth
The Earth Institute, Columbia University mobilizes the sciences, education and public policy to achieve a sustainable earth. http://www.earth.columbia.edu.

Inside Clinton’s fragile relationship with fellow Democrats




It was the Wednesday after Labor Day when Robby Mook and John Podesta, Hillary Clinton’s campaign manager and chairman, sat down at the headquarters of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee in Washington for some blunt talk.
One by one, Sens. Chuck Schumer, Harry Reid and Jon Tester went around the table and delivered variations of the same message: “We need more money,” said the Senate Democratic leaders, according to three people briefed on the meeting. The ask was for a minimum of $5 million — and preferably more in their quest to take back the Senate.
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“What they had proposed up to that point was insufficient,” said a top Senate Democratic adviser, saying Clinton’s team had promised little in cash and instead argued “their field operation should be considered an in-kind donation.” The same day, Mook and Podesta sat for a similar meeting at the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee with House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi and DCCC Chairman Ben Ray Lujan where they also asked for $5 million.
Money soon came — though half as much as requested. The Democratic National Committee transferred $2.5 million to the DSCC, and another $2.5 million to the DCCC.
A source close to the Clinton campaign said those transfers were only part of the story of her down ballot help, saying the campaign had decided recently against “skimming off the top” of spending in three states where the campaign believes it is comfortably ahead — Pennsylvania, New Hampshire and Nevada — and instead increased its spending on get-out-the-vote and other efforts there solely to boost Senate candidates who are lagging behind Clinton in the polls.
Still, back in early September, tensions between Capitol Hill Democrats and Clinton’s Brooklyn-based campaign had been simmering for months — sometimes over money but more often about Clinton’s message and the fact that she insisted on defining Trump as separate from, rather than a creature of the modern Republican Party.
And three days after the Mook and Podesta meetings, when Clinton’s campaign unveiled a new ad, those tensions boiled over. The spot, which aired nationally on cable and in six battleground states, featured a half dozen sitting GOP lawmakers criticizing Trump. “Unfit. Dangerous. Even for Republicans,” read the text on the closing screen.
Why was Clinton, congressional Democrats fumed, promoting current Republican lawmakers as paragons of good judgement — Jeff Flake, Ben Sasse, Reid Ribble, Richard Hanna — members of the same GOP Congress that Democrats had spent years painting as extremist?
“You just don’t need to go there,” said a top House Democratic adviser. “It was a selfish strategy.”
Now, with Trump imploding after a tape emerged of him making lewd comments about grabbing women, the reasons to “go there” are even less pressing than before. As Clinton has surged to a substantial lead in the polls — Trump trailed by as much as 14 points in one national head-to-head survey this week, and was only barely ahead in another in the Senate battleground of Missouri — she and congressional Democrats are entering the final four-week sprint more in sync than ever as she focuses not just on winning the White House but the Congress too.
“There’s been vast improvement in the last week,” said the same House Democratic adviser.
The question now is whether it’s too late. After spending the summer — and particularly the Democratic National Convention — trying to split Republicans from Trump, can Clinton spend the next month effectively tying them back together?
“We believe that even as these Republicans defect in large numbers from Trump that they played a major role in propping him up in the campaign prior to now,” said Clinton spokesman Brian Fallon. “In the coming weeks, we intend to hold those down-ballot Republican accountable.”
Clinton’s fellow Democrats wanted her to start far sooner. As far back as March, Reid had outlined how he wanted to frame the fall campaign, when he delivered a speech at the Center for American Progress that tried to inextricably tie together Trumpism and Republicanism.
“The Republican establishment acts bewildered,” Reid said then. “But they shouldn’t. As much as they may try to distance themselves from Trump now, Republican leaders are responsible for his rise.”
But in Brooklyn, Clinton’s campaign team had different plans, even though Clinton had spoken similarly to Reid before Trump clinched the nomination. They wanted to paint Trump as unhinged, unfit and, more controversially among Democratic officials, un-Republican. A strong top of the ticket, they preached to jittery congressional Democrats, would lift all down-ballot Democrats.
A Clinton campaign official noted that the $5 million the DNC transferred to the congressional committees was $5 million more than President Obama gave away four years ago. Plus, this official said the campaign was helping through the so-called “coordinated campaign,” including target House and Senate candidates on the phone scripts of the hundreds of thousands of volunteer calls and literature pieces in battleground states.
But many Democratic officials wanted Clinton to use Trump to define the entire GOP.
In May, the DNC press secretary wrote his boss that Clinton’s “campaign does not want to connect Trump and the Republican Party,” according to hacked DNC emailed released by Wikileaks.
“I think that's crazy,” DNC communications director Luis Miranda wrote back.
In another email chain, Miranda wrote to the party’s then-CEO that Clinton’s team had “been asking us to disaggregate Trump from down ballot Republicans…they don’t want us to tie Trump to other Republicans because they think it makes him look normal.”
“So they want us to embrace the ‘Republicans fleeing Trump’ side, but not hold down ballot GOPers accountable,” Miranda wrote. “That’s a problem."
Now there are signs that Clinton is changing her approach.
In recent days, the purse strings are showing signs of loosening as her super PAC, Priorities USA, is openly considering redirecting its ad reservations in four battleground states — New Hampshire, Nevada, North Carolina and Pennsylvania — into ads for Senate Democratic challengers. Jennifer Palmieri, Clinton’s communications director, is mixing in swipes at Republican Senate candidates in her gaggles aboard Clinton’s campaign plane, frequently singling out Nevada's Joe Heck and New Hampshire's Kelly Ayotte. And Clinton herself has begun calling out Republican candidates in sharper rebukes on the stump while elevating their challengers more than she has in the past.
To Senate Democrats, it's a sign that she's no longer as nervous about having to work with the sitting GOP senators, and that she sees a real opening to beat them.
“It is unacceptable, it is an unacceptable response for Marco Rubio, when asked about climate change to say, ‘I’m not a scientist,’” Clinton said Tuesday in Florida. “Well, why doesn’t he ask a scientist?” Clinton name-dropped Rubio’s Democratic challenger three separate times in her speech after he appeared at one of her rallies for the first time. “I hope that you’ll elect Patrick Murphy.”
On Wednesday, in Pueblo, Colorado, among Clinton’s introducers was Gail Schwartz, the Democratic challenger in the congressional district where the rally was held. Schwartz got a shout-out from Clinton herself, too — a rare occasion, especially in a House race where Democrats see their challenger as the underdog.
A second senior House Democratic strategist said there are ongoing talks for Clinton to begin calling out vulnerable House Republicans in swing states who have tried to distance themselves from Trump — such as Rep. Barbara Comstock in Virginia, Mike Coffman in Colorado and Carlos Curbelo in Florida. Those denunciations, in turn, can be flipped into TV ads, a tactic that would also be welcome to Senate Democratic operatives hoping to see more of it from Team Clinton.
“As we all make our closing arguments, there’s a real opportunity for aligning the messaging,” the strategist said.
Already this week, Palmieri herself said aboard Clinton’s plane that Republican leaders “helped legitimize” Trump.
"In Nevada, Congressman Heck, having supported Trump initially, then walked away from him. He's one of the leaders that, certainly before we learned about Access Hollywood, had evidence to believe Trump was unfit to be president but continued to prop him up," she said as the campaign made its way to Las Vegas on Wednesday.
It's a relief for Democrats both professionally and personally.
House Democrats have an unusually strong ally inside the Clinton campaign in Mook, who previously ran the DCCC. Senate Democrats, meanwhile, have particularly close ties to the Clinton super PAC, which is run by the former DSCC executive director Guy Cecil, along with about multiple other top DSCC veterans.
Still, there are undisguised strains between the two sides over how long it took the campaign to make the turn: there was little formal communication between those working to reclaim the Senate majority and Clinton's camp in the 48 hours after Trump's implosion, even as the campaign sent smoke signals about its change in tack.
“Part of their pushback has been, especially on Ryan, they believe that the linking of Republicans to Trump isn’t going to be successful,” said one of the senior House Democratic advisers. “But that’s our call to make, not theirs. That’s our races. That’s something we’ve felt for a long time is key, and now that’s the reality.”
So even something so small as when Clinton tweeted this week that “Ryan is still endorsing Trump” after news broke that Ryan wasn’t willing to defend the nominee anymore was cheered at the DCCC’s headquarters. It was linking the two Republicans, not separating them.
As another senior adviser involved in Senate races described it “tension lessened” steadily in part because of just “how crazy” Trump was. “It became harder to argue ‘Pat Toomey is Donald Trump’ or ‘Kelly Ayotte is Donald Trump,’” this Democrat said. “It’s not that they are doing the exact same thing. It’s that they so worried about saving themselves that they are unwilling to break from Trump when he’s done any one of outrageous things.”
Of course, jumping in the polls has a way of mollifying disagreements. Internal DCCC polling matches the public survey this week from NBC that showed voters prefer congressional Democrats to Republicans on a generic ballot by a whopping 7-point margin.
“The better she does,” the Senate Democratic adviser said, “the better we’re going to do.”
But if they’ve come to terms, more or less, on their final month of messaging, there is still the matter of money — the perennial effort of congressional leaders, typically unsuccessful, to wring more cash from their presidential nominee.
Clinton entered October with as much cash at her disposal as any candidate in history and is not done raising money: her fundraising schedule has sticking to her campaign cash hunt through at least October 25, according to invitations obtained by POLITICO.
And Clinton's campaign has avoided instructing fundraisers to begin distributing their cash down-ballot: "not gonna happen," said one bundler close to the finance team in Brooklyn, insisting that Clinton's Hillary Victory Fund was designed to pump money into coordinated campaigns in the states that include House and Senate races.
But the down ballot races are still starved for cash.
“These house races are so expensive because they’re in suburban media markets,” said the House Democratic strategist. “We are limited only by our budget.”


South Africa has failed to protect locals from gold mine pollution: Harvard report

South Africa has failed to address the adverse environmental and health effects of more than 130 years of gold mining in and around Johannesburg, a new report from Harvard Law School shows.
According to its International Human Rights Clinic (IHRC) successive administrations including the current government have not complied with international law, reacting too slowly and doing too little to reduce the harm from abandoned and active mines near the capital.
“Gold mining has both endangered and disempowered the people of the West and Central Rand,” says Bonnie Docherty, senior clinical instructor at IHRC and the report’s leading author. “Despite some signs of progress, the government’s response to the crisis has been insufficient and unacceptably slow.”
Experts say the country has not complied with international laws, reacting too slowly and doing too little about the polluting effects of 130 years of gold mining near Johannesburg.
The 113-page report documents the threats posed by water, air, and soil pollution from mining in the West and Central Rand.
Contamination of ground and surface water from acid mine drainage as well as toxic dust and soil from mine dumps have exposed residents living around the mines and on the waste dumps to high concentrations of heavy metals and radiation, says the report.
Such combination of threats, it adds, can contribute to immediate and long-term medical problems ranging from asthma and skin rashes to cancer and organ damage.
While mining waste accumulated over decades cannot be eliminated overnight, the study says, greater efforts could be made to suppress toxic dust and to remove or buffer communities from contaminated environments.
Suggested measures include cleaning up polluted areas, free health screenings, ensuring water treatment plants are adequate to prevent decanting, monitoring degrees of contamination and improving control of run-off and seepage from tailings dams.
“The government should act immediately to address the ongoing threats from gold mining, and it should develop a more complete solution to prevent future harm,” Docherty says. “Only then will South Africa live up to the human rights commitments it made when apartheid ended.”
Earlier this year, the country’s Water Ministry said it was planning to charge mining companies about67% of the cost for cleaning up toxic water pollution caused by their century-long operations in Gauteng, the country’s richest province which includes Johannesburg, also known as "City of Gold".
IHRC’s document is based on three research trips to the region and more than 200 interviews with community members, government officials, industry representatives, civil society advocates, and scientific and legal experts.

Scientists pit modern roof shapes against high-speed winds


New research suggests modern roof shapes are vulnerable to suction pressures in high-wind events. Photo by Richard Whitcombe / Shutterstock.com
CAIRNS, Australia, Oct. 13 (UPI) -- Roof design used to be rather simple and uniform. Today, houses boast an array of complex roof shapes. Recently, a pair of researchers in Australia decided to see how today's roofs measure up to building standards.
James Cook University researchers Mitchell Humphreys and Korah Parackal constructed miniature house models with a variety of roof shapes and tested their performance under different wind speed and direction combinations. The results suggest more complex designs have opened houses up to new structural vulnerabilities.
"Houses used to be square boxes, with standard shape roofs, but in recent times custom shapes have become common," Parackal said in a news release. "With the new shapes we see wind force acting in new ways on roofs."
Part of the problem is that building codes haven't kept pace with architectural complexity.
"The current building standards can underestimate suction pressures on roof edges of houses with complex roof shapes, and more so for two storey houses," Parackal said.
Strain placed on roof edges and structural joints can lead to further wind and water damage.
Another problem is architects and contractors seem to only consider a worst-case wind event from a single wind direction. Humphreys and Parackal found modern roof shapes are vulnerable to a variety of wind directions.
The researchers say homeowners aren't in immediate danger, but suggest writers of building codes take a closer look at the ways modern designs are exposing homes to severe weather damage.
"We saw a relatively new shed that had lost its cladding, simply because the builder had used a screw that was only slightly the wrong size," Parackal said. "Our wind tunnel research has shown the margins for error are not as great as many people think and underlines the need for builders and apprentices to be aware that very small defects in construction can get you in very big trouble."
Humphreys and Parackal published their findings in the Australian Journal of Structural Engineering.

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